Power-transmission mechanism.



'W. ROPER.

POWER TRANSMISSION MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED lULY 27, I9I6.

Patented Jan. 23, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

m lum IiIIiIIIiIII u- IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII II IIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIII I Imllm I l! mm W. ROPER.

POWER TRANSMISSION MECHANISM.

APPLCATION FILED JULY 27, 1916.

l ,21 3,4 1 8, Patented Jan. 23, y1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

4 M/ILLIAM ROPER.

niet.

WILLIAM norma, or rHIL'ADnLrHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

POWER-TRANSMISSION' MECHANISM.

specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan; 23, 1917.

Application filed July 27, 1916. Serial No. 111,571.

To all whom t may conce/m.:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM Boren, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Power-Transmission Mechanism, of which the following is a speciiication.

.My invention consists of improvements in power transmission mechanism, and is especially serviceable for use in the opening and closing of heavy windows such as are used in large buildings and where rows of windows are coupled together and are opened or closed simultaneously.

@ne of the objects of my invention is to develop a greater operating power for performing the above noted functions than has been possible with devices used prior to my invention.

Another object is to so construct my improved mechanism that a quick initial opening movement will be imparted to the windows and that after the windows have start ed to open, the power will be increased and the speed of the opening movement diminished.

A further object is to so construct my improved mechanism that an initial closing c movement will be comparatively slow and the remaining portion of the closing movement will be gradually increased until the yindows are completely closed.

A still further object of my invention is to provide the above mentioned mechanism in such manner that it may be easily and quickly manipulated and manufactured and can also be installed at a comparatively small cost.

Another object of my invention is to so construct my improved mechanism that it will be neat in appearance and require but little space.

These objects, and other advantageous ends which will be described hereinafter, 1 attain in the following manner, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in whichw Figure l is ,a top plan view of myv invention with al portion of the casing removed. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional elevation taken centrally through Fig. 1 and showing the upper part of the casing in place. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation showing my invention operatively connected with a plurality of windows. Fig. 4 is a top plan view of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional elevation through one of the windows showing an open position of the window and hereinafter described in connection with the relative speed and power supplied by my improved mechanism. Fig. 6 is a top plan view of similar nature to Fig. 1 showing a modified form of my invention.

Referring to the drawing, 1 is a casing which in the present instance isl shown in two sections 2 and 3. rllhis casing l'provides a housing for two double cone drive members i and 5 which have their axes parallel and are rotatable in suitable bearings 6 and 7 respectively.v .i

he member i has a worm wheel 8 located centrally thereon, and two rusto-conical pulleys 9 and v10. These pulleys and worm wheel 'rotate as a unit and may be either made integral or in separate parts coupled together. Each oi the pulleys 9 and 10 taper from the worm wheel 8' toward their outer ends and are each provided with a spiral groove indicated at 11 and 12 respectively. This spiral groove gradually diminishes in diameter from its position nearest the worm wheel 8 toward the journaled ends of said member 1.

A -worm 14 is ournaled within the lower portion 13 of the casing 1 and meshes with the teeth or" the worm wheel 8.v The shank 14 of the worm 12 extends through the casing 1 aty one end and has iixed to it a sheave wheel 15 around which a hand operating rope er chain may be placed. The member 5 has a central sprocket 16 which is substantially in alinement with the worm 8.

riwo rustofconical pulleys 17 and 18 eX- tend at either side of the sprocket 16, and he pulleys 17 and 18 and sprocket 1 6 rotate as a unit. These pulleys and the sprocket may be made integral or they may be made separate and coupled together in any suitable manner. rihe pulleys 17 and 18 are of greatest diameter adjacent their outer ends and taper toward the sprocket 16, and in addition each of these pulleys isprovided with spiral grooves 19 and 20 respectively. These grooves each are of greatest. diameter adjacent the outer ends of the pulleys and gradually decrease in diameter toward the sprocket 16. This arrangement of the members e and 5 so positions the pulleys that the largest diameter of the groove 11 is substantially in alinement with the smallest diameter of the groove 19, and the largest diameter of the groove 12 is substantially in alinement with the smallest diameter' of the groove 20, and vice versa the largest diameter of the groove 19 is substantially in alinement with the smallest diameter oi' the groove 11 and the largest diameter orp the groove 20 is in alinement with the smallest diameter or' the groove 12.

A rope 21 has one end attached within a portion ot the largest turn of the groove 11 and its other end secured within a portion ot' the largest turn of the groove 19, the rope connecting the two members 4 and at a position below their axes. 1n a similar ina-nner, a rope has one end secured within the smallest turn of the groove 12, and its other end secured within the smallest turn of the groove 20. The ropes 21 and are oi? such length that when one end portion of the rope is wound upon one of the pulleys, the grooves of the connecting pulley, with the exception of the portion which is secured to its groove, will be tree of the rope so that by turning one of the pulleys, the rope will be wound thereon and unwound from the connecting pulley. The rope 22 is so positioned that its connecting portion extends in a plane above the axes ot the members 4 and 5, the pitch of the groove ot the pulleys 9 and 10 being in opposite direct-ions.

The grooves ot' the members 17 and 18 are inclined in opposite directions, but are respectively similar to the pitch of the grooves 11 and 12, so that when the member d is rotated in one direction, the rope 21 will operate to rotate the member 5 in a similar direction, and when the member 1 is rotated in an opposite direction, the rope 22 will operate to give an opposite rotary movement to said member 5. It will thus be understood that by rotating the wheel 15 in opposite directions, it will impart, through the medium of the worm 14, mem ber 4, and ropes 21 and 22, movements to the member 5 in opposite directions and consequently the sprocket 16 will be rotated in either direction. Furthermore, by the construction of the elements above described a constant rotation of the wheel 15 in either direction will impart a varying speed of movement to the sprocket 16. For example, when the rope 22 is being wound on it-s pulley 10, a. gradual. increasing speed is imparted to Said rope due to the increasing diameter of the groove 12 upon which the rope is being wound. At the same time, the rope 22 is unwound from the gradually decreasing diameter of the groove 2O and thereby further increases the speed of the pulley 18 and consequently the sprocket 16.

Then the wheel 15 is rotated in an opposite direction to wind the rope 21 on the groove 11 of the pulley 9, a different condition exists since said rope 21 winds from 4a portion of the groove 11 which is of large nately rotated at the same speed in oppositeV directions to wind the ropes 21 and 22 off and on their respective pulleys, the sprocket lf3 will be initially moved at a comparatively high speed by the rope 21, but the speed will gradually decrease as said rope 21 continues to be wound on the pulley 9. lVhen the wheel 15 is turned in an opposite direction to wind the rope 22 on the pulley 10, the sprocket 1G will receive a slow initial and a gradually increasing speed.

The power exerted by the ropes 21 and is inversely proportioned to the speed. That is to say, the initial power exerted by the drum 9 upon the rope 21 is comparatively low but increases in intensity as said rope 21 winds onto the smaller portion ot the groove 11. 0n the contrary, the initial power exerted upon the rope 22 by the pulley 10 is comparatively high, but as the rope continues to wind on said latter pulley, the intensity ot the power exerted upon said rope decreases.

it will thus be understood that with my invention, aV tast initial speed with low power may be imparted to the sprocket 16 when the sprocket is moving in one direc tion, said speed decreasing as the power increases.

movement is slow with high power and the speed gradually increases as the intensity of the power decreases. This construction renders my invention particularly valuabler for the opening and closing of pivoted windows as above described, since the initial portion of the opening movement of the windows requires but small power, but as the windows open to a further extent, a greater power is needed to partially take up the weight ot the window.

ln Figs. 3 and 4, I have illustrated the form of invention as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, in connection with a. plurality ot windows and intermediate means between the Windows and the operating mechanism. In thisI construction a plurality of windows 23 are pivotally supported in trames 24. These frames have brackets 25 secured thereto which form supports for a plurality of In addition. when the direction ofV rotation of the sprocket changes, the initial iiv ' are substantially similar to those forming permit this lateral movement of the runs a part of Patent No. 1,190,671 of July 11, 1916, and I therefore do not specifically claim the same as a part of the present invention, but merely use the same to show one structure which my invention is capable of controlling and operating. These runs 29 are' connected to opposite ends of a sprocket chain 30 adjacent one end of their length, and a. chain 31 connects the opposite ends of the runs 29. The chain 31 passes over an idler sprocket 32 which is rotatably mounted in a swinging arm 33 carried by any suitable support 34 such as a side wall of the building or other supporting structure. The other chain 30 passes through an opening 35 in the casing 1, and engages the sprocket 16, so that a rotary movement of the latter causes longitudinal movements in opposite directions 0f the runs 29. The movement of these runs 29 causes the levers 27 to actuate their respective links 28 to open or close the sash, one of the sashes being shown in an open position in Fig. 5. The casing 1 is pivotally mounted as at 36 to any suitable support such as 37 which may be placed at a position opposite the support 34. In the particular form of win dow opening mechanism illustrated, it is required that the runs 29 receive a slight lateral movement as well as longitudinal in order to compensate for the dilference in pivotal movement which is obvious from the construction shown, and therefore I preferably mount the casing 1 and the sprocket 32 on swinging bearings so as to 29.l The wheel 15 may be actuated by a rope 38 or similar iiexible device, and the connections are such that when the wheel 15 is rotated, towind the rope 21 onto the pulley 9, the sprocket 16 and consequently the runs 29 will be `first moved at a comparaf tively fast speed, and the window sashes will be initially moved quickly during their opening movement, said movement gradually slowing up as the window opens. Since a continued opening movement requires a grcater'power, the same will be supplied due to the construction hereinbefore set forth because of the gradual decreasing diameter of the groove 11 upon which the rope 21 is wound. During the closing movement of the windows, as when the wheel 15 is reversed to wind the rope closing movement will be gradually in- A39 which has Grooves 40 and 41 cut in its kthe pulleys 92L and 10a 22 onto the drum 10,'the initial closing movement will be vcomparatively slow and controlled under a high power, and as the sash continues to close, the speed of the creased.

In the form of my invention shown in Fig. 6, instead of employing the pulleys 19 and 20, I have shown a'cylindrical drum circumferential surface, these grooves being pitched in respectively the same direction as the grooves 19 and 2O of the pulleys 17 and 18 above referred to.' This drum is mounted in the bearings 7 of the casing 1, and at one end has secured to it a sprocket 42 having a similar function to 'the sprocket 16. In all other respects, this construction is similar to the construction previously described in connection with Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, and the ropes 21 and 22 are respectively attached within the grooves of Vand the grooves 40 and 41 of the drum 39. Vhile this construction does not give the same proportion of increase and decrease in speed and power, nevertheless it does provide an increase and decrease in speed and power which may be suitable for certain occasions and the principle. carried out in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive as also carried out in this construction of Fig. 6.

My invention requires but little power to operate it and provides a mechanical advantage for the opening and closing operation of heavy and numerous windows which may be opened or closed simultaneously. Furthermore, itserves to operatethe windows in such manner as to prevent injury thereto, since when the window is the heaviest, which is at its full open position, the movement is comparatively slow, 'thereby not jarring or fracturingany of the pivotal supports for the windows.

rlhe cables or ropes 21 and 22 may be se- 110 cured to their respective winding members in any means desirable, and as shown in the several views of the drawing, I have provided cleats 43.

`It will be noted that in Fig. G, the pul- 115 leys 91 and 10a whichv are substantially identical as the pulleys 9 and 10, are tapered in the opposite direction to thepulleys 9 and 10, but in each instance the ropes 21 and 22 are connected to the small end of one of the 12o pulleys and to the large end of the other of the pulleys.

- While I have Vdescribed my invention as taking a particular form, it will be understood that the various parts of my inve'n- 125 tion may be changed without departing from the spirit thereof, and hence I do not limit myself to the precise construction set forth, `but consider that I am at liberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly 130` members having one of their ends secured to respective pulleys and their other Vends Y connected to said means, said grooves being arranged to permit the alternate winding of the flexible members into and out of said grooves, and means for rotating said pulleys as a unit, and in opposite directionsto rotate said means by the flexible members, substantially as described.

2. The combination in power transmission mechanism, of two pulleys having grooves or' gradually varying diameter, rotatable means having grooves therein, and flexible members having one of their ends secured to respective pulleys and their other ends connected to said means, said grooves being arranged to permit the alternate winding of the iiexible members into and out of said grooves, means for rotating said pulleys as a unit, and in opposite directions to rotate said means by the flexible members, and an actuating member roperated by said means, substantially as described.

3. The combination in power transmission mechanism, of t vo pulleys having grooves or' gradually varying diameter, rotatable means having grooves therein, and lexible mem bers having one of their ends secured to respective pulleys and their other ends connected to said means, said grooves being ar# ranged to permit the alternate winding ot' the flexible members into and out of said grooves, means for rotating said pulleys as a unit, and in opposite directions to rotate said means bytheV flexible members, a sprocket operated by said means, and an actuating chain on said sprocket, substantially as described.

d. The combination in power transmission mechanism, of two rusto-conical pulleys rotatable as a unit and having spirally arranged grooves therein of gradually varying diameter, rotatable means having grooves therein, a cable having one end secured to one of said truste-conical pulleys within the largest diameter of its groove and the other end positioned within one of the grooves of said rotatable means, a second cable having one of its ends secured to the other oit said frusto-conical pulleys within the smallest diameter of its groove, the other end of said latter cable being secured within the other groove of the rotatable means, means for rotating said pulleys in opposite directions to wind andunwind the cables in and from their grooves, a member secured to said roleys having a spirally arranged groove of varying diameter, a cable having one end secured to one of the first-mentioned pulleys within the smallest diameter of its groove and its other end secured to one of' the second mentioned pulleys which is directly opposite, said end of the cable being secured within the groove ot the latter mentioned pulley at its smallest diameter, a second cable having one of its ends secured to the other of said lirst-mentioned pulleys within its groove at the largest diameter thereof and its other end secured to the other ot said second mentioned pulleys within its groove at the largest diameter thereof, said cables being of such length as-to have portions alternately wound on opposite pulleys, means for rotating said first pulleys, and actuating means on said second pulleys, substantially as described.

6. The combination in power transmission mechanism, of two truste-conical pulleys rotatable as a unit and having spirally arranged grooves therein of gradually varying diameter, two other truste-conical pulleys operative as a unit and having a common axis arranged substantially parallel with a common axis of the first two frusto-conical pulleys, each of said Vsecond mentioned pulleys being opposite one ofY the first-mem tioned pulleys and'tapering in an opposite direction thereto, each of said second pulleys having a spirally arranged groove of Vvarying diameter, a cable having one end secured to one of the first-mentioned pulleys within the smallest diameter of its groove and its other end secured to one of the second mentioned pulleys which is directly opposite, said end of the cable being secured within the groove of the latter mentioned pulley at its smallest diameter, a second cable having one of its ends secured to the other of said first-mentioned pulleys within its groove at the largest diameter thereof and its other end secured to the other ot said second mentioned pulleys within its groove at the largest diameter thereof, said cables being of such length as to have portions alternately wound on opposite pulleys, a worm wheel carried by said first pulleys, a worm meshing with said worm wheel, and means for rotating said worm, substantially as described.

7. The combination in power transmission mechanism, of two frusto-conical pulleys rotatable as a unit and having spirally arranged grooves therein of gradually varying diameter, two other frusto-conical pulleys operative as a unit and having a common axis arranged substantially parallel with a common axis of the first two frustoconical pulleys, each of said second mentioned pulleys being opposite one of the first-mentioned pulleys and tapering in an opposite direction thereto, each of said second pulleys having a spirally arranged groove of varying diameter, a cable having one end secured to one of the hist-mentioned pulleys within the smallest diameter of its groove and its other end secured to one of the second mentioned pulleys which is directly opposite, said end of the cable being secured within the groove of the latter mentioned pulley at its smallest diameter, a second cable having one of its ends secured to the other of said first-mentioned pulleys within its groove at the largest diameter thereof and its other end secured to the other of said second mentioned pulleys within its groove at the largest diameter thereof, said cables being of such length as to have portions alternately wound on opposite pulleys, a worm wheel carried by said first pulleys, a worm meshing with said worm wheel, and a wheel for rotating said worm, substantially as described.

8. The combination in power transmission mechanism, of two frusto-conical pulleys rotatable as a unit and having spirally arranged grooves therein of gradually varying diameter, two other frusto-conical pulleys operative as a unit and having a common axis arranged substantially parallel with a common axis of the first two frusto-conical pulleys, each of said second mentioned pulleys being opposite one of the first-mentioned pulleys and tapering in an opposite direction thereto, each of said second pulleys'having a spirally arranged groove of varying diameter, acable having one end secured to one of the first-mentioned pulleys within the smallest diameter of its groove and its other end secured to one of the second mentioned pulleys which is directly opposite, said end of the cable being secured within the groove ofthe latter mentioned pulley at its smallest diameter, a second cable having one of its ends secured to the other of said first-mentioned pulleys within its groove at the largest diameter thereof and its other end secured to the other of said second mentioned pulleys within its groove at the largest diameter thereof, said cables being of such length as to have portions alternately wound on opposite pulleys, a worm wheel carried by said first pulleys, a worm' meshing with said worm wheel, means for rotating said worm, i

and a supporting casing, substantially as described.

9. The combination in power transmission mechanism, of two frusto-conical pulleys rotatable as a unit and having spirally arranged grooves therein of gradually varying diameter, two other `frusto-conical pulleys operative as a unit and having a common axis arranged substantially parallel with a common axis of the first two frustoconical pulleys, each of said second mentioned pulleys being opposite one of the rstmentioned pulleys and tapering in an opposite direction thereto, each of said second pulleys having a spirally arranged groove of varying diameter, a cable having one end secured to one of the first-mentioned pulleys within the smallest diameter of its groove and its other end secured to one of the second mentioned pulleys which is directly opposite, said -end of the cable being secured within the groove of the latter mentioned pulley at its smallest'diameter, second cable having one of its ends secured to the other of said first-mentioned pulleys within its groove at the largest diameter thereof and its other end secured to the other of said second mentioned pulleys within its groove at the largest diameter thereof, said cables being of such length as to have portions alternately wound on opposite pulleys, a worm wheel positioned between said first pulleys, a worm meshing with said worm wheel, and means for rotating said worm, substantially as described.

l0. The combination in power transmission mechanism, of two frusto-conical pulleys rotatable as a. unit and having spirally arranged grooves therein of gradually varying diameter, two other frusto-conical pulleys operative as a unit and having a common axis arranged substantially parallel with a common axis of the first two frusto-conical pulleys, each of said second mentioned pulleys being opposite one of the first-mentioned pulleys and tapering in an opposite direction thereto, each of said second pulleys having a spirally arranged groove of varying diameter, a cable having ,one end secured to one of the first-mentioned pulleys within the smallest diameter of its groove and its other end secured to one of the second mentioned pulleys whichis directly opposite, said end of the cable being secured within the groove of the latter mentioned pulley at its smallest diameter, a second cable having one of its ends secured to the other of said Erstmentioned pulleys within its groove at the largest diameter thereof and its other end secured to the other of said second mentioned pulleys within its groove at the largest diameter thereof, said cables being of such length as to have portions alternately Wound on opposite pulleys, a worm wheel positioned between said first pulleys, a worm meshing with said worm wheel, means for rotating said worm, an actuating member positioned between said second pulleys, and actuating means operatively connected to said actuating member, substantially as described.

ll. The combination in power transmission mechanism, of two frustoconical pulleys rotatable as a unit and having spirally arranged grooves therein of gradually varying diameter, two other rusto-conical pulleys operative as a unit and having a common axis arranged substantially parallel with a common axis of the lirst two rustoconical pulleys, each of saidV second mentioned pulleys being opposite one of the firstmentioned pulleys and tapering in an opposite direction thereto, each of said second pulleys having a spirally arranged groove of varying diameter, a cable having one end secured to one of the first-mentioned pulleys within the smallest diameter of its groove and its other end secured to one of the second mentioned pulleys which is directly opposite, said end of the cable being secured within the groove of the latter mentioned pulley at its smallest diameter, a second cable having one of its ends secured to the otherl of said lirst-mentioned pulleys within its groove at the largest diameter thereof and its other end secured to the other of said second mentioned pulleys within' its groove at the largest diameter thereof, said cables being of such length as to have portions alternately wound on opposite pulleys, al worm wheel positioned between said first pulleys, a worm meshing with said worm wheel, means for rotating said worm, a sprocket posi tioned between said second pulleys, andan actuating chain engaging said sprocket, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM ROPER.

Witnesses:

RHODA E. GmLncs, CEAS. E. Por'rs.

Copies' of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Paten/ts, Washington, ID. C. 

